Manajemen Kebutuhan Tenaga Kerja Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit: Analisis Perencanaan, Kompensasi dan Kesejahteraan, Pelatihan dan Pengembangan SDM, serta Perhitungan Rasio Tenaga Kerja per Hektar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37481/jmeb.v6i3.2244Keywords:
Manpower Planning, Compensation, Human Resource Development, Labor Ratio, Oil Palm PlantationAbstract
The labor-intensive nature of Indonesia’s oil palm plantation industry requires effective workforce management; however, existing studies generally examine manpower planning, compensation, training, or labor productivity separately, with limited integration across these key management dimensions. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of labor requirement management by examining workforce planning, compensation and employee welfare, human resource development, and labor-to-land ratio calculations within oil palm plantations. A qualitative descriptive approach based on library research was employed by reviewing government regulations, industry standards, and peer-reviewed publications issued mainly between 2021 and 2026. The collected literature was organized, compared, and interpreted to identify consistent findings and practical implications for plantation management. The results indicate that labor planning should be based on work norms while considering plantation characteristics such as topography, crop age, planting density, rainfall, and worker experience. Harvesting activities remain the most labor-intensive operation, with an average requirement of one harvester for every 20-25 hectares of mature plantation and an overall workforce ratio of approximately one worker per 7-9 hectares in well-managed estates. The study highlights that integrating accurate labor planning, fair compensation, continuous competency development, and adaptive workforce strategies can improve operational efficiency, productivity, and long-term sustainability in the oil palm plantation sector.
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